Treating severe dandruff often requires a multi-faceted approach that includes using medicated shampoos, following a proper scalp care routine, and potentially seeking professional help. and  for more detail visit our site ( قشرة الشعر- الأسباب والعلاج في الرياض)Here’s a comprehensive plan for addressing severe dandruff:

1. Use Medicated Shampoos

Key Ingredients to Look For:

1. Ketoconazole:

   • Brand: Nizoral A-D.
   • Usage: Use 2-3 times a week initially. Reduce frequency as symptoms improve.

2. Selenium Sulfide:

   • Brand: Selsun Blue.
   • Usage: Use 2 times a week. Be consistent for best results.

3. Coal Tar:

   • Brand: Neutrogena T/Gel.
   • Usage: Use 1-2 times a week. Effective for severe cases but may have a strong odor.

4. Salicylic Acid:

   • Brand: Neutrogena T/Sal.
   • Usage: Use 2-3 times a week. Helps to exfoliate the scalp.

5. Zinc Pyrithione:

   • Brand: Head & Shoulders, Jason Dandruff Relief.
   • Usage: Use 2-3 times a week for maintenance after initial improvement.

2. Scalp Care Routine

1. Proper Shampooing Technique:

   • Massage Gently: Use your fingertips to gently massage the shampoo into your scalp. This helps to loosen flakes and improve circulation.
   • Leave Shampoo On: Allow the medicated shampoo to sit on your scalp for at least 5 minutes before rinsing to ensure the active ingredients have time to work.

2. Conditioning:

   • Use Conditioner: Apply conditioner only to the ends of your hair, avoiding the scalp, to prevent buildup and further irritation.

3. Rinse Thoroughly:

   • Ensure all shampoo and conditioner are thoroughly rinsed out to prevent residue buildup.

3. Home Remedies and Natural Treatments

1. Tea Tree Oil:

   • Usage: Add a few drops to your regular shampoo or use a shampoo containing tea tree oil. Its antifungal properties can help reduce dandruff.

2. Apple Cider Vinegar:

   • Usage: Mix equal parts apple cider vinegar and water. Apply to the scalp, leave for 15 minutes, then rinse thoroughly. It helps balance scalp pH and reduces fungal growth.

3. Coconut Oil:

   • Usage: Massage into the scalp and leave for a few hours or overnight before washing out. It moisturizes the scalp and has antimicrobial properties.

4. Dietary and Lifestyle Adjustments

1. Healthy Diet:

   • Include: Foods rich in zinc, B vitamins, and omega-3 fatty acids, such as nuts, seeds, fish, whole grains, and leafy greens.
   • Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water to keep your skin and scalp hydrated.

2. Manage Stress:

   • Engage in Relaxation Techniques: Yoga, meditation, or regular exercise can help reduce stress, which can exacerbate dandruff.

5. Professional Treatment

1. Dermatologist Consultation:

   • Prescription Treatments: A dermatologist may prescribe stronger antifungal shampoos, topical corticosteroids, or calcineurin inhibitors if over-the-counter treatments are ineffective.
   • Light Therapy: In some cases, light therapy may be recommended.

2. Address Underlying Conditions:

   • If dandruff is related to conditions like psoriasis or eczema, a dermatologist can provide specific treatments for these conditions.

Summary

For severe dandruff, the best approach involves using medicated shampoos containing active ingredients like ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, coal tar, salicylic acid, and zinc pyrithione. Complement this with proper scalp care, natural remedies, dietary adjustments, and stress management. If these methods do not provide sufficient relief, consulting a dermatologist is crucial for further evaluation and prescription treatments.