As technology and innovation continue to advance, newer and more efficient materials are being used in various industries. This is especially true for the plumbing industry, where traditional metal pipes have been replaced by a newer material known as PEX (cross-linked polyethene). PEX piping has become increasingly popular due to its flexibility, durability, and cost-effectiveness.

However, any new product comes with questions and confusion about its features and benefits. I will dive into everything you need to know about PEX piping, including what it is, how it works, and most importantly, the estimated costs associated with installing this type of piping system using the services of a piping cost estimator.

So put on your DIY hats or grab your notebook if you're planning on hiring a professional plumber because, by the end of this post, you'll be an expert on all things PEX piping!

Pex Pipe Explained

PEX pipe, short for cross-linked polyethene pipe, is made from a type of polyethene plastic that undergoes a chemical process known as cross-linking. This process involves creating bonds between the polymer chains in the polyethene material, enhancing its durability, flexibility, and resistance to extreme temperatures, chemicals, and cracking.

The cross-linking process significantly improves the material's properties compared to standard polyethylene. It allows PEX pipes to withstand higher pressures and temperatures, making them suitable for hot and cold water distribution systems in residential and commercial plumbing. 

The flexibility of PEX also means it can bend around corners and obstacles without the need for fittings, reducing the risk of leaks and making installation easier and faster compared to traditional piping materials like copper or PVC.

Types of Pex Pipe

PEX (cross-linked polyethene) pipe is a versatile, durable piping option used in various plumbing applications, from residential water supply systems to radiant floor heating. It's favoured for its flexibility, corrosion resistance, and ease of installation compared to traditional copper or PVC piping. There are several types of PEX pipe, each identified by a colour code and specific properties that make it suitable for particular uses:

PEX-A

Manufacturing Process: 

PEX-A is produced through the Engel method, which involves peroxide cross-linking. This process gives PEX-A the highest degree of cross-linking among the PEX types, making it the most flexible and resilient.

Applications: 

It is ideal for applications requiring tight bends and curves without elbow fittings, such as radiant floor heating systems. Its flexibility also allows for an expansion fitting system, which can be beneficial in freeze-prone areas.

Features: 

It offers the best memory capabilities, meaning it can return to its original shape if expanded. This characteristic is beneficial for repair work and expansions.

PEX-B

Manufacturing Process: 

PEX-B is made using a moisture cure method, leading to a medium level of cross-linking. This method involves silane cross-linking or the "Sioplas" process, resulting in a pipe slightly stiffer than PEX-A but still very flexible.

Applications: 

It is commonly used in residential and commercial plumbing applications due to its balance of flexibility, strength, and cost-effectiveness. It's also used in hot and cold water distribution systems.

Features: 

It has better chlorine resistance than PEX-A, making it a good choice for areas with chlorinated water supplies. However, it does not rebound to its original shape like PEX-A.

PEX-C

Manufacturing Process: 

Produced through an electron beam or irradiation method, PEX-C has a different structural makeup that results in the least flexibility among the PEX types but offers other advantages.

Applications: 

While it's less commonly used than PEX-A or PEX-B, PEX-C finds its application in hot and cold water plumbing systems where flexibility is less of a concern.

Features: 

PEX-C is known for having the best clarity and a smoother interior, which may reduce the risk of buildup over time. However, it's more prone to kinking than the other types.

Colour Coding

• Red: Hot water lines
• Blue: Cold water lines
• White: Can be used for either hot or cold water; often used when aesthetics are a concern or to provide a neutral option
• Orange: Typically used for heating applications, including in-floor radiant heating

Specialty PEX

Beyond the standard A, B, and C classifications, speciality PEX products are designed for specific needs, such as oxygen barrier PEX for radiant heating systems to prevent oxygen from entering the system and causing corrosion.

When choosing a type of PEX pipe, consider the specific application, environmental conditions, and whether flexibility or chlorine resistance is more important for your project. Each type offers distinct advantages, making PEX a versatile choice for modern plumbing and heating systems.

Installation of PEX Pipe

Implementing PEX (cross-linked polyethene) pipe is becoming increasingly popular in new construction and home renovation projects due to its flexibility, durability, and ease of installation compared to traditional copper or PVC piping systems. Here’s a simplified guide to help you understand the process and essentials of installing PEX piping:

• Before beginning, plan the route the PEX pipe will take through the building. Consider the most direct path from the water source to the fixtures to minimise pressure loss and material use.

• Using a PEX cutting tool, cut the pipe to the desired length. Ensure your cuts are straight and clean to avoid leaks at the connections.

• Slide a crimp ring onto the end of the pipe, then insert a fitting into the pipe's end. Move the crimp ring towards the end of the pipe so it's positioned over the part of the fitting where the pipe and fitting meet.

• Using a PEX crimping or clamping tool, secure the crimp ring or clamp around the pipe and ensure it fits according to the manufacturer's instructions. This step is crucial for preventing leaks.

• Once all connections are made, it's essential to test. Pressurising the talent will do testing to the system with air or water. Pay close attention to all fittings and connections during this test.

• Use pipe supports and hangers to secure the PEX pipe to joists or studs. PEX tubing tends to expand and contract with temperature changes, so it's essential to allow some support flexibility to accommodate this movement.

• Depending on the location and purpose of the PEX pipe (e.g., hot water lines), insulating the pipes may be necessary to maintain water temperature and prevent freezing in colder climates.

Conclusion

Pex pipes are a modern and efficient alternative to traditional plumbing materials. Their flexible and durable nature makes them easy to install and maintain, making them a top choice for homeowners and professionals alike. Not only do they offer superior resistance to corrosion and freezing temperatures, but they also have a longer lifespan compared to other types of pipes. With the rise of green living and sustainability, pex pipes are also an environmentally friendly option as they are made from recyclable materials. So whether you are renovating your home or building from scratch, consider switching to pex pipes for a hassle-free and long-lasting plumbing system. Experience the convenience and reliability of pex pipes for yourself and join the growing trend of using this revolutionary material in your everyday life. With all these benefits in mind, pex pipes are here to stay as a game-changing solution in plumbing.